Electrical

Hex edge length (L, cm)

Cell trigger weight (W, kg per cell)

Min. weight that fires one cell. 6 cells per tile = 6 × W kg trigger load.

Power per cell per press (mW)

Body weight per step (kg on tile)

Body weight acts on the stepped tile (often 1 foot, ≈½ body weight).

Foot weight share (fraction of body on stepped tile)

1.0 = static (standing). ~0.6–0.8 typical mid-stride.

Steps in 10 m walk (count)

Normal adult ≈ 14 steps / 10 m (stride ≈ 0.7 m).

Foot-traffic rate (walkers / hour)

Empty mall corridor: ~50. Busy station walkway: ~1000–2000.

Physical / material

Generator mass each (g)

Spec sheet: 150 g (50 mm × 25 mm piezo disc).

Aluminium tile thickness (mm)

Aluminium density (g/cm³)

6061-T6: 2.70. 7075: 2.81. Cast Al: 2.6–2.8.

Support thickness (mm)

Support density (g/cm³)

Plastic-ceramic composite: 1.5–2.2 typical. Glass-filled PA: 1.5. Mineral-filled PP: 1.8–2.1.

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Hexes in 1 m × 1 m

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Area per hex (cm²)

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Active cells / step

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Power per tile per step (mW)

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Power per 10 m pass (W)

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Energy per person-hour (Wh)

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Per m² per 12 h (busy walkway)

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Per m² per 24 h (your traffic)

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Per m² per year (kWh)

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Load per cell (kg)

Mass & BOM — per-tile and per-pavement

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Generators / tile (6 × per hex)

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Aluminium tile (kg)

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Composite support (kg)

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TOTAL per tile (kg)

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kg / m² (loaded pavement)

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Pavement total (kg)

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Pavement total (tonnes)

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Generators in pavement

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Equivalent static load (kN/m²)

— Generators — Aluminium — Support

Mass formulas (per hex tile)

Hex area: A = (3√3 / 2) · L² (L in metres).
Generators: 6 × m_gen (six corner cells).
Aluminium: ρ_Al · A · t_tile / 1000 kg (ρ in g/cm³, t in mm).
Support: ρ_PC · A · t_supp / 1000 kg.
Total per tile: sum of the three above.
kg / m² = total_per_tile × hexes_per_m².
Pavement total = kg / m² × area.
Static load (kN/m²) = (kg / m²) × 9.81 / 1000.

Pavement 2 m × 10 m = 20 m²

Width (m) Length (m) LED load (W)

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Total hexes in pavement

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Total load cells

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kWh / year (whole pavement)

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kg CO₂ avoided / year

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LED-on hours / year (your LED)

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Phone-charges / year (10 Wh each)

How the pavement totals are calculated

Pavement area = W × L (default 2 m × 10 m = 20 m²).
Total hexes = hexes_per_m² × area (same hex size as the 1 m × 1 m view).
Total cells = total hexes × 6 corners.
Pavement kWh/yr = per-m² kWh/yr × area.
CO₂ avoided = kWh × 0.6 kg CO₂/kWh (HK grid emission factor, CLP 2023 published).
LED-on hours = kWh × 1000 / LED_W (assumes continuous drain at the stated wattage).
Phone-charges = kWh × 1000 / 10 Wh (typical partial phone top-up).

Formulas used (electrical)

Hex area: A = (3√3 / 2) · L²
Hex width (pointy-top): w = √3 · L, height: h = 2 · L
Hexes per 1 m²: cols = ⌊1 / w⌋, rows = ⌊1 / h⌋, total cols · rows
Trigger load per cell: W. Cells per tile: 6 (one per corner joint).
Force on stepped tile: F = body · foot_share kg.
Active cells: n = clamp(round(F / W), 1, 6).
Power per tile per step: P = n · mW_cell.
Power per 10 m pass: P · steps / 1000 W (assuming each step on a fresh tile).
Sustained W/m² at 1 step/s: P · (hexes_per_m²) / 1000.
Daily kWh / m² at 0.5 step/s for 12 h: P · 0.5 · 43200 / 3.6e6.